中考英语阅读如何猜词方法与技巧

　　由于英语词汇储存量的问题，我们在做中考英语阅读时，有很大的几率遇到自己不认识的词，这个时候我们应当如何猜出那个英文单词的意思呢?今天小编给大家带来中考英语阅读猜词技巧，希望大家喜欢并且能够有所收获。

　　中考英语阅读猜词技巧

　　1.通过因果关系猜词

　　通过因果关系猜词，首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系，然后才能猜词。有时文章借助关联词(如because，as，since，for，so，thus，as a result，of course，therefore等等)表示前因后果。例如：

　　You shouldn't have blamed him for that，for it wasn't his fault.通过for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的错)，可猜出blame的词义是"责备"。

　　2.通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词

　　通过同义词猜词，一是要看由and或or连接的同义词词组，如happy and gay，即使我们不认识gay这个词，也可以知道它是愉快的意思;二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词，如Man has known something about the planets Venus，Mars，and Jupiter with the help of spaceships.此句中的Venus(金星)、Mars(火星)、Jupiter(木星)均为生词，但只要知道planets就可猜出这几个词都属于"行星"这一义域。通过反义词猜词，一是看表转折关系的连词或副词，如but，while，however等;二是看与not搭配的或表示否定意义的词语，如：He is so homely，not at all as handsome as his brother.根据not at all...handsome我们不难推测出homely的意思，即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。

　　3.通过构词法猜词

　　在阅读文章时，我们总会遇上一些新词汇，有时很难根据上下文来推断其词意，而它们对文章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用，此时，如掌握了一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等语法知识，这些问题便不难解决了。

　　4.通过定义或释义关系来推测词义

　　例如：But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，long time.Then there is a dry period，or drought.

　　从drought所在句子的上文我们得知很久不下雨，于是便有一段干旱的时期，即drought，由此可见drought意思为"久旱"，"旱灾"。而a dry period和drought是同义语。这种同义或释义关系常由is，or，that is，in other words，be called或破折号等来表示。

　　5.通过句法功能来推测词义

　　例如：Bananas，oranges，pineapples，coconuts and some other kind of fruit grow in warm areas.假如pineapples和coconuts是生词，我们可以从这两个词在句中所处的位置来判断它们大致的意思。从句中不难看出pineapples，coconuts和bananas，oranges是同类关系，同属fruit类，因此它们是两样水果，准确地说，是菠萝和椰子。

　　6.通过描述猜词

　　描述即作者为帮助读者更深更感性地了解某人或某物而对该人或该物作出的外在相貌或内在特征的描写。例如：The penguin is a kind of sea bird living in the South Pole.It is fat and walks in a funny way.Although it cannot fly，it can swim in the icy water to catch the fish.从例句的描述中可以得知penguin是一种生活在南极的鸟类。后面更详尽地描述了该鸟类的生活习性。 　　例如：But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，long time.Then there is a dry period，or drought.

　　从drought所在句子的上文我们得知很久不下雨，于是便有一段干旱的时期，即drought，由此可见drought意思为"久旱"，"旱灾"。而a dry period和drought是同义语。这种同义或释义关系常由is，or，that is，in other words，be called或破折号等来表示。

　　初中英语练习题1

　　An old lady in a plane had a blanket(毯子)over her head and she did not want to take it off . The air hostess spoke to her, but the old lady said, “I have never been in a plane before , and I am frightened. I am going to keep this blanket over my head until we are back on the ground again !”

　　Then the captain came. He said, “Madam, I am the captain of this plane. The weather is fine, there are no clouds in the sky, and everything is going very well. ”But she continued to hide.

　　So the captain turned and started to go back. Then the old lady looked out from under the blanket with one eye and said, “I am sorry, young man, but I don’t like planes and I am never going to fly again. But I’ll say one thing, ”She continued kindly, “You and your wife keep your plane very clean!”

　　1. An old lady had _________ .

　　A. glasses B. a blanket over her head C. a coat D. a basket

　　2. A. She didn’t want to ________ .

　　A. take it off B. turn it off C. get on D. talk about it

　　3. _________ spoke to her .

　　A. The air hostess B. The man next to her C. her husband D. one of her friends

　　4. The old lady had never been _________ before .

　　A. abroad B. home C. in a plane D. in hospital

　　5. The woman didn’t like planes and she was never going ________ .

　　A. to fly again B. to travel C. to go abroad D. to go home

　　Key: 1-5 BAACA

　　初中英语练习题2

　　Little Tom down the street calls our dog "The keep dog".Zip is a sheep dog. But when Tom tries to say" Seep", it comes out "keep". And in a way Tom is right. Zip is always bringing things hoem for us to keep! I'll tell you about some of them.

　　Zip's first present was a shoe. It was made of green silk.

　　We didn't know how Zip found the shoe. But after a moment Mary, my big sister, told me the shoe had a strange smell. I nodded(点头)and held my nose. "What do you think it is?"

　　"It smells like something for cleaning. I think someone tried to clean a spot (污点) off the shoe. Then he put it at the door to dry."

　　"Along came Zip. And good-bye shoe!" I said."We should take it back."

　　"We can't ".said my sistter.

　　"Maybe little Tom is right," Mary said. "Maybe Zip is a keep dog!"

　　1.The writer and Mary didn't know______.

　　A.what Zip's first present was

　　B.how Zip carried its first present home

　　C.who owned Zip's first present

　　D.what Zip's first present was made of

　　2.Tom calls Zip "the keep dog"because ______.

　　A.the dog likes keeping things

　　B.the dog likes playing with shoes

　　C.he doesn't know the dog's name

　　D.he can't pronounce the word "sheep"well

　　3.What made the shoe strange was ______.

　　A.its colour B.its smell

　　C.its size D.that it was a silk one

　　4.The word "keep"in the last sentence means "_____"

　　A.keeping things for itself

　　B.bringing things for other to keep

　　C.not letting it run about

　　D.taking care of a small child

　　5.We can know from the reading that the dog _____.

　　A. likes to give presents to people

　　B.has been kept in at the writer's home

　　C.has brought some trouble

　　D.likes to be called "the keep dog"

　　Key: 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.C