中考初中英语句子语法知识点归纳

养成课堂上记笔记、积极发言、大胆回答问题的习惯，小偏整理了中考初中英语几个词组高频考点，感谢您的每一次阅读。

中考初中英语句子语法知识点归纳

祈使句

祈使句用以表达命令，要求，请求，劝告等。

1) 祈使句否定在句首加 Don't：Don't move. Don't be late.

2) Let’s ------shall we ? let us \ him ----- will you / won't you?

感叹句

How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语+其它

How lovely the baby is! What a / an + 形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它

What a clever boy he is! What + 形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语+其它

What wonderful ideas (we have)!

What + 形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语+其它 What cold weather it is!

反意疑问句

1) 陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little, too---to 等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。Some plants never blown (开花), do they ?

2) 陈述部分有 have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑问部分常用 don't +主语(didn't + 主语)。We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?

3) 陈述部分的谓语是 used to 时，疑问部分用 didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语。He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?

4) 陈述部分有 had better + v. 疑问句部分用 hadn't you? You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?

5) 陈述部分由 neither… nor, either… or 连接的并列主语时，疑问部分根据其 实际逻辑意义而定。Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?

6) 陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词 everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问 部分主语用 it。Everything is ready, isn't it?

7) 陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句，疑问部分有三种情况：

a. 并列复合句疑问部分，谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?

b. 带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定：He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he? He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?

c. 上述部分主句谓语是 think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine 等引导的定语 从句，疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。I don't think he is bright, is he? We believe she can do it better, can't she?

8) 陈述部分主语是不定代词 everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one 等，疑问部分常用复数 they，有时也用单数 he。Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (does he?) Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)

9) 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用 will you。Don't do that again, will you? Go with me, will you / won't you ? 注意：Let's 开头的祈使句，后用 shall we? Let's go and listen to the music, shall we? Let us 开头的祈使句，后用 will you? Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ?

10) 陈述部分是"there be"结构的，疑问部分用 there 省略主语代词。There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there? There will not be any trouble, will there?

11) 否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。It is impossible, isn't it? He is not unkind to his classmates, is he? 并列句 and 和，并且， work hard, and you can pass the exam. but 但是 he is rich but he is not happy.

Or 否则，要不然，或者(在否定句中表和) Hurry up, or you’ll be late.

So 因此，所以 Kate was ill so she didn’t go to school.

For 因为 I have to stay up late, for I have a lot of work to do.

状语从句

当状语从句的引导词为 If, when, before, after, until, as soon as 等，主句和从 句有下列情况：

①主句 一般将来时 (主将从现) 从句 一般 现在时

I will go to the park if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.

②主句祈使句 从句一般 现在时

③主句含有情态动词 的句子 从句 一般 现在时

④主句一般过去时从句 一般 过去时

注：英语句子中如果一看到 Thought----but----; because----so---这种结构,就是 错误

倒装句

so+助动词\BE 动词\情态动词+另一主语，表示后者与前者一致。

so+上句主语+助动词\BE 动词\情态动词，真的，确实如此。

Tom watched TV last night, so did Ann. Tom didn’t watch TV last night. Neither did Ann. ---You’ve left the light on. ---So I have. I’ll go and turn it off.

宾语从句

①从句用陈述句语序。

②主句与从句的关系。

A.主现从不限;

B.主过从过;

C.真金不怕火炼。

The earth moves around the sun.

③常见的宾语从句。

She says that ---- I hope / think / feel / wonder---- I wonder if he will join us in the discussion tonight.

Could you tell / show me--- Could you please tell me where the teacher’s office is?

Do you know---- Do you know where Mr. Li lives? Please tell me --- She asked me --- I don’t know ---- I don’t know whether Tom will go or not.

定语从句

that 和 which 在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用 that 而 不用 which。

(1) 先行词为 all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不 定代词时。I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.

(2)先行词被 all, every, no, some, any, little, much 等修饰时。I’ve read all the books that are not mine.

(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。This is the first book (that) he has read.

(4)先行词被 the only, the very, the same, the last 修饰时。This is the very book that belongs to him.

一般用 that 而不用 who

(1) 先行词是 who 或 who 引导的主句。Who is the girl (that) drove the car? Who (that) broke the window will be punished.

(2) 主句以 There be 引导时 。There are 200 people (that) didn’t

that 和 which 在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用 which 而不用 that。

(1)关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语(介词提 前)。Those are many trees under (which) they can have a rest.

(2) 在非限制性定语从句中。Football , (which) is a very popular game, is played all over the world.

后跟 ing 的词有

Finish doing Before 2008 Beijing we will finish building the Olympic Park.

enjoy doing 喜欢做某事 I enjoy reading English loudly.

mind doing 介意(反对)做某事 would you mind opening the window?

practice doing sth. 练习做某事 we should practice speaking English as often as possible.

be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事

be worth doing sth. 值得做某事

feel like doing sth =want to do sth. 想要做某事

spend --- (in) doing sth 花费时间做某事

stop / prevent / keep ----from doing 阻止某人做某事

have trouble \problem / a hard time doing sth. 做某事很困难

Have fun doing sth. =have a good time doing sth. 做某事很快乐

go on doing sth 接着做原来做着的事

go shopping / swimming/ skating /surfing--- do some running / washing/ cooking --- 介词(for, with, without, about ---)

后跟动词原形:

why don't you why not you'd better (not) would you please (not) make\ let \ have\

[注意: 在被动语态中, t o 要加上] 后跟 ing 和 TO 的区别

developing country 发展中国家

developed country 发达国家

stop to do sth.停下手中的事而去做另外的事(事情有两件)

Stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事情(事情只有一件)

Remember to do sth.记住要去做某事(事情没有做)

Remember doing sth. 记得曾经做过某事(事情已经做)

Forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事(事情没做) Forget doing sth. 忘记曾经做过的事情 (事情已经做)

Try to do sth. 努力去做某事

Try doing sth. 试着去做某事

Go on to do sth. 做完一件事，接着改做另外一件事

Go on doing sth. 继续不停地做某事 See / hear sb doing / do

情态动词

Can

①能，可能，表示能力，猜测。过过式 could

②可能，也许。主要用在疑问句、否定句中，表示怀疑、估计，不用肯定句中。

③对 could 的委婉语气回答一般不直接用 yes 和 no，要用 certainly, of course. Ok. Sure.

④ would you please not do---- ?

⑤would you like to play football with me tonight? Yes, I’d love to. Sorry, I am busy. Yes, I’d love to. But ---- ⑥would you like some bananas? Yes, pl

ease. No. thanks.

⑦在表示请求、委婉语气的疑问句和表示希望得到对方的肯定回答的问句中，常用 some. Could you give me some apples?

May

①可以，表许可。may I ----?回答：Yes, you may. Yes, of course. No, you may not. No, you’d better not.

②也许，可能。表猜测，但把握性不是很大。

③maybe= perhaps 是副词，放在句首或句末。May be 和 Maybe 不同。

Must

①Must I ----? 否定回答用 No, you needn’t. No, you don’t have to.

②必须。应该。mustn’t 禁止，绝对不能。③must 表主观。Have to 表客观。Don’t have to = needn’t

④must 一定。用于表推测。表示有很大的把握时用，只用于肯定句、不用疑问句。否定句中 can’t 有不可能之意

Need

①don’t have to do sth. = needn’t do sth.

②肯定回答 Yes, ----must. 否定回答 No, ---needn’t.

不定式

不定式常跟在以下及物动词后面作宾语:want, like, wish, hope, try, ask, start, begin, forget, remember, learn, choose, agree, tell, decide, need E.g. Want to do sth. Ask sb. (not )to do sth. Tell sb. to do sth. Decide to do sth. Would like to do sth. Set out to do sth. Warn sb to do sth. Help sb. (to) do sth.

动词不定式还可用在某些表示感情的形容词之后:glad, happy, pleased, sorry, sad, afraid

不定式作宾语的有:something to drink \ eat; have sth to do ; the way to do sth.

不定式作宾语: 特殊疑问词(what, where )----+不定式 where to go

主谓一致

1.邻近和靠近原则 由 there be, either … or, neither…nor, not only…but (also) 连接两个并列的主语，谓语动词遵守就近原则。

2. Either of , neither of, each of 作主语，谓语动词用单数。

3. Each, every, many a, no 修饰并列单句时，谓语动词用单数。

4.在百分数、分数等后，如跟可数名词，谓语动词用复数。如跟不可数名词，谓 语动词用单数。

5.表示时间、重量、长度、价值等名词作为主语，谓语动词用单数。

6.动词不定式或动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。

7.算术题中主语是数词，谓语动词用单数。

8. The number of +名词复数, 谓语动词用单数。A number of +名词复数, 谓语 动词用复数。

9.One and a half +名词复数, 谓语动词用单数。

单词的词性变化

动词变为名词

①+ er(r) cle aner, selle r player surfer sin ger own er ju mper spe aker travele r teacher wor ker pain ter, far mer dive r driver, writer waiter (waitress) Ru nner win ner robber

②+ or Visi tor inventor cond uctor inspector(检查 员) Actor (actress )

③+ ing cross——cross ing wash——washing meet——m eeting park——parki ng pack——packing(包装) surf——surf ing mean——mea ning hiking breathingBeginning Shopping

④describe---desc ription invent ---invention discuss--disc ussion disappear ---disappearan ce enter---entrance know---kno wledge live---life die---deat h please---pleasure sit ---seat fly ---flight rob ---robbery develop ---development decide——d ecision

动词变为形容词

Close ---closed excited ——excited frustrate ——frustrated (挫败的) interest——interes ted surprise ——surprised die——dead frighten ——frightened fry ——fried worry ——worried break ——broken enjoy ——enjoyable lose ——lostamaze ——amazing miss ——missing follow ——following (下列的) excite——exciting interest——interes ting move ——moving sleep ——asleep wake——awake wonder——wonde rful thank——thankful forget ——forgetful

名词变为形容词

care——careful color——colorful help——helpful Pain ——painful use——useful success——successful heath——health y luck——lucky noise——noisy cloud——cloudy rain ——rainy mist——misty shower——show ery snow——snowy wind——windy fog——foggy sun ——sunny south——southe rn north——northe rn wool——woolen confidence danger——dangerous——confident person ——personal post ——postal friend——friendly America ——American Australia ——Australian Canada ——Canadian Italy ——Italian china ——Chinese Japan —— Japanese Britain ——British England ——English France ——French Germany ——German

四、形容词变为名词 good——goodness busy——busines s different ——difference foreign ——foreigner difficult ——difficulty safe ——safety true——truth proud ----Pride dry ——drought important ---improtance confident ——confidence (信心)

形容词变为副词

①+ly useful, wide, strong

②改 y 为,再加 ly healthy , heavy, happy, lucky, noisy, good ——well terrible---terribly probable---probably

形容词和副词同形

early enough fast far first hard high late much right straight

否定的

unlucky unknown unlike unhappy unusual unfriendly

其它

discover disappear impossible careless homeless cross——across pass——past science ——scientist library——librarian

friend ——friendship

英语学习方法

1、养成良好的预习习惯

课前预习是独立获得知识的前提，也是提高听课效率的可靠保证。预习能减少听课的盲目性，激发你的求知欲望。预习可使自己初步熟悉教材，发现疑点和难点，找出自己的薄弱点，为下一步听讲作好充分的思想准备，并打下一定的基础。

如何进行预习：

1) 找出该单元的中心话题，即该单元的中心内容。

2)明确本单元的知识要点：如语法项目、句型及词汇，

3) 找出本单元的疑、难点。凡是在本单元出现而自己无法解决的知识点，即是重点，也可以说是难点。预习时，在书上作记号，标明重点、难点、疑点，并在笔记本上做好记录，注明本单元的知识结构、重、难点和预习体会等。

2、养成课堂上记笔记、积极发言、大胆回答问题的习惯

学生在课堂上认真听讲，注意力高度集中，不开小差;保持强烈的求知欲，积极思考老师提出的问题，踊跃发言，努力解决在预习中存在的问题，并作好课堂笔记，重点突出，难点醒目，疑点鲜明。以便复习时可以查阅。努力在课内有目标有意识地去识记该课的生词、短语、句型、重点句子。然后要注意一些语言在特定环境中的运用，特别是习惯表达法的运用。在运用中，要主动地用英语回答、讨论和提出问题，并注意角色扮演或做游戏等活动。初中生的英语知识主要还是从课堂上获得。

教师起的只是导演作用，关键是需要学生作为演员，积极投入，在参与的过程中提高听说读写能力和语言运用能力。因此，学生养成良好的听说读写训练习惯尤为重要，这是向课堂四十五分钟要质量的根本保证。有一小部分的学生怕害羞、怕出差错，不敢开口讲，这会给初中英语学习带来不利。俗话说：没有缺点，就不会进步。学生应该注意模仿并主动与教师配合，做一名好演员。

不要怕出错，今天说不好，不代表明天说不好;今天说得少，明天说得多，就是进步;别人这样表达，你能那样表达，你就有了创新。只有大胆实践、体会，才能得到巩固提高。