英语词汇归类复习备考2021中考指导(4)

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(87高考)How can you__________if you are not_________? A.listen,hearing B.hear,listening C.be listening,heard D.be hearing,listened to

2.词序不同、意思就不同: 有少量词组颠倒词序后意思和用法就不同了,常见的有:before long(不久以后),long before(很久以前)turn in(上交;就寝),in turn(按次序,轮流)hand in(上交),in hand(在手边)from far(来自远方),far from(离得远;远非)much too(非常,修饰形容词或副词),too much(太多,修饰名词,也可作名词)if only(要是…),only if(只有…)all in(精疲力尽),in all(总共)good for(对…有好处),for good(永远)

(95上海)It was__________late to catch a bus after the party,therefore we called a taxi. A.too very B.much too C.too much D.far

Before long,he moved to London and made London the base for his revolutionary work.

It was not long before the whole country rose up and drove the Aus trians out of their homeland.

3.动词后有无介词,意思不同: 因有无介词而词义不同的动词在中学英语教材中较多,常见的如:search(对人、物或场所搜查),search for(搜寻人、物或场所)leave(离开某地),leave for(去某地)reach(到达;拿到),reach for(伸手去拿)prepare(准备),prepare for(为…作准备)enter(进入),enter for(报名参加)run(经营;跑),run for(竞选)stand(站;忍受),stand for(代表)answer(回答),answer for(负责)know(了解,知道),know about(知道关于…)pay(付钱、债给某人),pay for(付钱买某物)

The baby reached for the apple but he couldn't reach it.那婴儿伸手去拿苹果,但够不到。

The mayor who used to run a small shop will run for the Senate.那个曾经营过一家小店的市长准备 去竞选参议员。

4.有无-ly,意思和用法都不同: 这词在教材中较多。一般来说,在形容词后加了-ly成了副词,但有些形容词不加-ly时也可作副词,因而 在使用或考测时学生常混淆不清,复习时可按用法分类记忆:

a.表具体(无-ly)和抽象(有-ly)的区别:wide(宽广),widely(广泛地)deep(深),deeply(深深地)high(高,位置高),highly(高度地)low(位置低),lowly(地位卑微)

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