高考英语冲刺:阅读七选五答题攻略

　　编者按：在高考英语的阅读理解部分，比起可以“碰运气”的单项选择题，七选五更需要考生对文章布局及细节把握都有着较高要求。下面是小编分享的关于英语阅读七选五答题攻略，助你在七选五上大获全胜!

　　阅读七选五攻略

　　下图为阅读七选五的所有考点，也是该题型的解题流程指引。只要牢记图中的考点和步骤，并按本文中的解题思路进行文章分析，便可保证七选五全对。

　　解题重点：篇章结构

　　篇章结构是七选五的主要考点，这包括了两个层次：

　　1. 全文通篇结构

　　2. 段落内部结构

　　但不论是全文通篇结构还是段落内部结构，按布局归类，都不外乎以下三种类型：

　　1. 八爪鱼

　　2. 放电影

　　3. 沙漏型

　　接下来，Cass 老师将按这三大结构类型，对七选五的考点进行分类讲解。

　　“八爪鱼” 式文章结构

　　“八爪鱼”式文章结构常见于说明文(段)和议论文(段)：文章主旨是“八爪鱼”的头，平行的各个细节则是“八爪鱼”的脚。

　　● 例1：“八爪鱼”式 说明文

　　Our Fears Can Change the Reality of the Situation

　　At times, our worries and anxieties can defeat us. In addition, our worries can change our understanding of what is reality and what is not. Here is a brief list of techniques that you can use to help gain a better viewpoint on things during the anxious moments.

　　【 ? 】A person should take a deep breath and try to find something to do for a few minutes to get their mind off the problem. A person could get some fresh air, listen to some music, or do an activity that will give them a fresh perspective on things.

　　Remember that our fearful thoughts are made to seem worse and can make the problem worse. 【F】 When unexpectedly having thoughts that make you fearful or anxious, challenge these thoughts by asking yourself positive questions that will maintain objectivity and common sense.

　　Be smart in how you deal with fears and anxieties. Do not try to deal with...(下文略)

　　A. Take it one step at a time and things will work out well at last.

　　B. When feeling anxious, stop what you are doing and try to do something relaxing.

　　C. This will give you the confidence to manage your anxiety.

　　D. Instead of worrying about something that probably won’t happen, concentrate on what you are able to do.

　　E. The next time you fell depressed, review your list and think about the good things that you have in your life.

　　F. A good way to manage your worry is to challenge your negative thinking with positive statements and realistic thinking.

　　G. Completing these smaller tasks once at a time will make the stress more manageable and increase your chances of success.

　　分析：本文旨在帮助受到焦虑影响的读者摆脱情绪困扰、冷静看待问题。首段提出话题后，下文皆为具体的各种方法介绍，是典型的“八爪鱼”式文章结构。

　　掌握了本文结构后即可知道，除第一段外，接下来各段的首句必然是某一具体方法的概述。按此思路，结合第二段的具体内容，便可迅速得出第一题的答案为 B 。

　　● 例2：“八爪鱼”式 议论文段落

　　Nowadays, in an ever tighter job market, great importance has been attached to an interview by both the employer and the applicant. 【C】 On the one hand, the interviewer can take advantage of the occasion to learn about the candidates, such as their work experiences, education and their personalities, so as to pick out the right person for the company.【 ? 】(下文略)

　　A. If you want better results on your job intervier, follow the steps below.

　　B. However, there is no need to be nervous.

　　C. The interview, so to speak, has beome quite necessary for getting a satisfactory job.

　　D. Practicing speaking confidently in front of peole is helpful to your job interview.

　　E. Though we can never judge a person by his appearance, the first impression is always wher we start.

　　F. On the other hand, the interviewee can make use of the opportunity to get to know the job he is going to take up, and the working conditions as well.

　　G. Excellent performance in it will enable the would-be emloyee to get the job sucessfully.

　　分析：本议论文段讨论的话题为“面试的好处”：首句提出本段观点后，再分别用两句话列出“面试对于面试官的好处”和“面试对于面试者的好处”，符合“八爪鱼”式结构(在此，以词组 on one hand 及 on the other hand 为标识)，故此题选 F。

　　“放电影” 式文章结构

　　一般情况下，记叙文(段)的结构和大部分电影的叙事手法十分相似：基本遵从“背景-冲突-结局(结论)”的框架布局。记叙文(段)一般先交代事件的背景，随之是应运而生的矛盾，到最后得出问题的结果(结论)。