中国国家古代历史的故事

　　中国古代历史的故事可以运用到英语教学中，让学生们能够多了解古代历史，小编精心收集了古代三个朝代的英语故事，供大家欣赏学习!

　　帝国的时代 第一个国家-秦

　　in 221 b.c， much of what came to constitute china proper was unified for the first time. in subjugating the six other major states of eastern zhou， the qin kings had relied heavily on legalist scholar-advisers.

　　centralization， achieved by ruthless methods， was focused on standardizing legal codes and bureaucratic procedures， the forms of writing and coinage， and the pattern of thought and scholarship. to silence criticism of imperial rule， the kings banished or put to death many dissenting confucian scholars and confiscated and burned their books . to fend off barbarian intrusion， the fortification walls built by the various warring states were connected to make a 5，000-kilometer-long great wall .

　　revolts broke out as soon as the first qin emperor died in 210 b.c. the imperial system initiated during the qin dynasty， however， set a pattern that was developed over the next two millennia.

　　公元前221年，一个真正的中国第一次统一了。秦朝皇帝在统治其他六国的过程中，大力度的采用了法学学者们的法制。

　　中央集权残酷无情，它主要包括严厉的法规、官僚体制、统一的文字和货币，甚至思想和学派。为了堵住反对统治的呼声，秦皇把反对孔子学术的学者流放、判处死刑、把他们的书籍烧毁。为了抵抗匈奴，秦皇建筑了防御工事-各诸侯国城墙连起来的万里长城。

　　公元前210年-秦始皇死的那年，起义爆发。由秦朝创立的皇权制持续了两千多年。

　　汉

　　another new dynasty， called han (206 b.c.-a.d. 220)， emerged with its capital at chang'an . the new empire retained much of the qin administrative structure but retreated a bit from centralized rule. confucian ideals of government， were adopted as the creed of the han empire. intellectual， literary， and artistic endeavors revived and flourished. the han period produced china's most famous historian， sima qian ( 145-87 b.c.?)， whose shiji ( historical records) provides a detailed chronicle from the time of a legendary xia emperor to that of the han emperor wu di ( 141-87 b.c.)。 technological advances also marked this period. after 200 years， han rule was interrupted briefly (in a.d. 9-24 by wang mang ， a reformer)， and then restored for another 200 years. and a.d. 220 the han empire collapsed.

　　另外一个新兴的朝代被称为是汉(公元前206年——公元220年)，首都在长安。汉朝延续了许多秦朝的管理体制，但削弱了中央集权。儒家的治国之道被汉朝作为治国安邦的信条。

　　文学艺术复苏并繁荣了起来。汉代造就了中国最伟大的史学家-司马迁(公元前145-公元前87?)，他的《史记》采用编年史的形式，详细地介绍了从传说中的夏帝一直到汉武帝这一段时期的历史。另外，在这个时期，科技的进步也是非常引人注目的。

　　沿续了200年后，汉朝的统制曾经短暂地终止了(公元9-24年，名叫王莽夺位)，尔后重新光复又延续了200年的时间。到公元220年，汉朝灭亡。

　　纷争时代-三国

　　the collapse of the han dynasty was followed by nearly four centuries of rule by warlords. the age of civil wars and disunity began with the era of the three kingdoms (wei， shu， and wu， which had overlapping reigns during the period a.d. 220-80)。 in later times， fiction and drama greatly romanticized the reputed chivalry of this period. unity was restored briefly in the early years of the jin dynasty (a.d. 265-420)， but the jin could not long contain the invasions of the nomadic peoples. in a.d. 317 the jin court was forced to flee from luoyang and reestablished itself at nanjing to the south. the transfer of the capital coincided with china's political fragmentation into a succession of dynasties that was to last from a.d. 304 to 589. during this period the process of sinicization accelerated among the non-chinese arrivals in the north and among the aboriginal tribesmen in the south. this process was also accompanied by the increasing popularity of buddhism (introduced into china in the first century a.d.) in both north and south china. despite the political disunity of the times， there were notable technological advances. the invention of gunpowder (at that time for use only in fireworks) and the wheelbarrow is believed to date from the sixth or seventh century. advances in medicine， astronomy， and cartography are also noted by historians.

　　汉朝灭亡后是长达四个世纪的军阀割据时代。内战和纷争战乱揭开了三国时代(魏、蜀、吴在公元220-80年间政权交替更迭)的序幕，这个时代后期的小说和戏剧作品将可歌可泣的英雄主义精神融入了浓重的传奇色彩。在晋代(公元265到公元440年)早期国家恢复了短暂的统一，然而晋却不能长期抵御来自北方匈奴的入侵。在公元317年晋王朝被迫逃离洛阳在南方的南京重建都城。随迁都迩来的是自公元304至589年的改朝换代及其由此导致的中国政治上的分崩离析。在这个时期，来自中原北部的匈奴和南方南蛮部落加速了汉化的进程。其间还伴随着在中国的北方及南方同时出现的佛教的日益兴旺繁荣(在公元一世纪被传入中国)。尽管政治上分崩离析，而这个时期在科学技术上却有显著的进步。发明了火药(当时只用在大炮上)和独轮手推车(被确定在公元6-7世纪发明)。此外史学家们还注意到了医学、天文学和绘图学上的进步。